Family solanaceae is also called as the potato family or the nightshade family. Fabaceae leguminosae pea or bean family peas, greenstring beans, fava beans, hyacinth bean, cowpea, peanut. Flowers are actinomorphic and without subtending bracts ebracteate. Many members of the family contain potent alkaloids, and some are highly toxic, but manyincluding tomatoes, potatoes, eggplant, bell and. Its members are characterized by flowers with five petals, sepals, and stamens and alternate leaves. Use code vipinlive to get 10% off on your unacademy plus subscription. Solanaceae the potato family 94 genera 2,950 species distribution. Morphological studies on flowering plants solanaceae. Solanaceae nightshade family the solanaceae family has been highly cultivated over the years it includes potatoes, tomatoes, eggplant, sweet peppers, chili peppers but not black pepper, tobacco and petunias. Following are four major vegetable families and the terms used to refer to them.
The historical role of species from the solanaceae plant. Some plants have great medicinal value, some are quite poisonous. While there are obviously many variations within this family, their leaves are always arranged in an alternating pattern on the stem. Solanaceae article about solanaceae by the free dictionary. The generalized fruit in solanum is a 2carpellate berry, but fruit morphology can show great variation across the spectrum of the genus.
The solanaceae, or nightshades, are a family of flowering plants that ranges from annual and perennial herbs to vines, lianas, epiphytes, shrubs, and trees, and includes a number of agricultural crops, medicinal plants, spices, weeds, and ornamentals. The members of this family are primarily distributed in tropical america and south america, but they are also well represented in temperate regions. The incredible morphological and chemical diversity, fundamental economic importance and worldwide distribution make the solanaceae one of the most fascinating groups of flowering plants. The solanaceae lesson seven insect pests of the solanaceae. Trick to learn floral formula and diagrams of family fabaceae. Among the most important of those are potato solanum tuberosum. Phylogenetics provides the framework with which to investigate these linkages but, critically, good specieslevel descriptive resources for the solanaceae community. The family has diversified in most major land biomes from arid to wet tropical, grassland and coastal. The solanaceae is a family of flowering plants, many of which are edible, while others are considered poisonous. Solanaceae call for submissions solanaceae will be a single, limited edition zine dedicated to the human experience with the solanaceae family of plants, the nightshades. Apiaceae formerly umbelliferae, carrot or parsley family.
The family belongs to the order solanales, in the asterid group and class magnoliopsida dicotyledons. The filaments are usually very short, and in many species the anthers are connate into a tight cone around the style. The solanaceae, or nichtshades, are an economically important faimily o flouerin plants. These are herbs with alternate leaves and colorless juice. The members of this family are distributed throughout the world. There are about 85 genera and 2200 species in this family.
This is a large family with around 20003000 species in 90 different genera, found in most temperate and tropical regions, with a large number coming from australia and central and south america. Solanaceae, taxonomic studies, rajshahi university campus. Although an effort was made to list all the major relevant information, this record is far from complete. The solanaceae consists of about 98 genera and some 2,700 species, with a great diversity of habitats, morphology and ecology. The family fabaceae is also known as leguminosae or papilionaceae since it belongs to the pea or legume family. Flowers of solanum generally are actinomorphic with a 5lobed calyx and corolla, 5 stamens, and a 2carpellate superior ovary. Solanaceaecall for submissions solanaceae will be a single, limited edition zine dedicated to the human experience with the solanaceae family of plants, the nightshades. The ovary is of 2 cells, sometimes 4, with many ovules on axile placentas see placentation, and a. Solanaceae potato family characters, floral formula. Flowers have five petals in a tube like a potato flower. The fabaceae family is a large family of the plant kingdom, including several economically important plants.
Solanum tuberosum is a tetraploid 4n 48 and does not grow true to type from seed so it is propagated vegetatively by the tubers. Status of solanaceae crops research this section summarizes the status of the research in solanaceae crops and the available genetic and genomic resources. We will amend the catalog with additional information as it becomes available. Medium sized family with 90 genera and 30004000 species, with great variation in habit, morphology and ecology. The name solanaceae derives from the genus solanum, the nightshade plant. The family solanaceae includes such important cultivated plants as potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, tobacco, and wild tobacco. Family characteristics historical importance and domestication. Solanaceae a model for linking genomics with biodiversity.
Third largest family of flowering plants and second only to the cereals in economic importance. These include potato solanum tuberosum, tomato lycopersicon. Anisodus fischerianus is placed into synonomy here based on the original description of the species, which does not include diagnostic features. Aug 05, 2014 the solanaceae family represents around 85 genera of floweing plants consisting of over 2800 species globally darcy, 1986. Mony members o the faimily contain potent alkaloids, an some are heichly toxic, but mony culturs eat nichtshades, in some cases as staple fuids. Pdf the solanaceae family represents around 85 genera of floweing plants. Solanaceae, or nightshades, are an economically important family of flowering plants with a worldwide distribution. This family has more than 90 genera and around 3000 species. Crucifers or brassicas brassicaceae this is the cabbage and mustard family.
The solanaceae, or nightshades, are a family of flowering plants that ranges from annual and. The plant list includes 8,216 scientific plant names of species rank for the family solanaceae. Pharmacognosysolanaceae plant family linkedin slideshare. Solanaceae a family of dicotyledonous plants, including herbs and a few shrubs, lianas, and small trees in the tropics. Plants of the nightshade family stop and study the next tomato, potato or pepper flower you come across and you will quickly learn the nightshade family. Solanaceae, the nightshade, or potato, family of flowering plants order solanales, with 102 genera and nearly 2500 species, many of considerable economic. Solanaceae are known for possessing a diverse range of alkaloids. Solanaceae, liliaceae and fabaceae family an overview. The largest genus of the family is solatium which includes about 1500 species.
The calyx and corolla are 5lobed, and usually there are 5 stamens. Characters, distribution and types biology discussion. The solanaceae is a plant family of great economic importance. In pakistan, this family is represented by 21 genera and 70 species. The solanaceae family represents around 85 genera of floweing plants consisting of over 2800 species globally darcy, 1986. The solanaceae, also known as the potato or deadly nightshade family is one of humankinds most utilized and important plant families. Members of this family are often referred to as crucifers or brassicas. Abstract taxonomic investigation of the family solanaceae growing through out the rajshahi university campus was carried out. Oct 15, 2016 the solanaceae family comprises 30004000 species that are classified in approximately 90 genera. Many species, including belladonna, scopelia, henbane, and jimsonweed, yield alkaloids and other substances that are widely used in medicine.
They have solitary, bisexual, regular flowers with 5 rarely 3, 4 or 6 separate or united sepals and 5 united petals. This family encompasses nearly 100 genera and several thousand species. There are around 5000 species of dicotyledonous fabaceae plants widely distributed all over the world. May 03, 2017 top educators are teaching live on unacademy plus. Identifying characteristics of the family solanaceae qs study.
It is a large family well distributed in tropics and subtropics, though a few members are found in temperate zone. Solanaceae a family of dicotyledonous see dicotyledon plants, mostly herbs but some shrubs and trees, having normally alternate leaves, and regular flowers which are mostly pentamerous. Editors introduction potatoes, tomatoes and a host of other important fruit crops all belong to the solanaceae plant family. Compared with the large size of the family, only few members of the solanaceae attained. Tiny flowers in a broad, flat cluster arising from a. The petals form a corolla tube, at least at the base. Many genera are extremely widespread, while others are endemic to single countries. Despite a wealth of phylogenetic work on individual clades and a deep knowledge of particular cultivated species such as tomato and potato, a robust evolutionary framework with a dated molecular phylogeny for the family is still lacking. Pdf solanaceae belongs to that group of families, which are included in almost all.
Trick to learn floral formula and diagrams of family. The second largest families of plants 2 orchid family family orchidaceae with about 20,000 species. A link to a photo album of members of the solanaceae can be seen a thomas elpels site below. Potato tubers exhibit apical dominance like other plant organs, so. Solanaceae is a large family consisting of 90 genera distributed in tropical and temperate regions of the world. An outline of a classification scheme for extant flowering plants. The solanaceae family comprises 30004000 species that are classified in approximately 90 genera. Its members are characterized by flowers with five petals, sepals, and stamens and typically bear alternate leaves. This family contains many species of great economic importance.
Solanum anthers dehisce open by terminal pores, although in many species the pores elongate into slits with age. The faimily ranges frae yerbs tae trees, an includes a nummer o important agricultural craps, medicinal plants, spices, weeds, an ornamentals. The solanaceae include a number of commonly collected or cultivated species. The third largest families of plants 3 legumes or pea family family fabaceae with about 18,000 species. Species of solanaceae contained within the plant list belong to 105 plant genera. Potato family or night shade family number of genera. The family is highly diverse, includes perennial trees as well as herbaceous annual species and occupies a wide range of terrestrial habitats from deserts to rainforests knapp et al. Vegetable plantvegetable plant families and page f their.
Perianth is of 4 sepals and 4 petals in a cruciform crosslike arrangement. Called the nightshade family or the potato family, solanaceae has more than 90 genera and nearly 3,000 species distributed throughout the world. Some species of solanaceae are known in china only by plants cultivated in ornamental or specialty gardens. They are mainly found in central and south america. Identifying characteristics of the family solanaceae qs. I will be collecting stories, anecdotes, articles, scientific studies, recipes, artwork, songs, dreams. General characters, distribution, important plants. Family characteristics the solanaceae family, often called the.
A phylogenetic framework for evolutionary study of the. Botanical classification in 1753 the tomato was placed in the genus solanum by. Superior ovary that forms a capsule or a plump berry. Solanaceae solanum tuberosum is a tetraploid 4n 48 and does not grow true to type from seed so it is propagated vegetatively by the tubers.
As the tomato belongs to the solanaceae family, known as the deadly nightshade family, it has in the past given it a false reputation of being toxic while, in fact, it is the tomato leaf that is toxic and not the fruit or tomato. A cosmopolitan family, but main areas of distribution occur in tropical and subtropical regions, especially in central and south america. Nov 11, 2016 the largest families of plants 1 sunflower family family asteraceae with about 24,000 species. In india it is represented by 70 species of 21 genera. Solanaceaesolnasee botany a family of dicotyledonous plants in the order polemoniales having internal phloem, mostly numerous ovules and seeds on axile placentae, and mostly cellular endosperm. The solanaceae is a large varied family of trees, shrubs and herbs including 90 genera and more than 2000 species. The family is informally known as the nightshade or potato family.
Solanaceae, the nightshade, or potato, family of flowering plants order solanales, with 102 genera and nearly 2,500 species, many of considerable economic importance as food and drug plants. The solanaceae family of vegetables include potatoes, tomatoes, eggplant, capsicum, and chilies. Despite the previous description, the solanaceae exhibit a large. A list of all accepted names in solanaceae is available in csv format. This family includes 90 genera and about 3000 species propagation type.
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