Pollen morphology and its relationship to taxonomy of the. Divergence time estimates revealed that stem group sarraceniaceae likely originated in south america 4453 million years ago mya highest posterior density. Sarraceniaceae of south america by mcpherson, stewart. Plants profile for sarracenia alata yellow trumpets. Abstract despite nearly a century of research, the systematic relationships among north american pitcher plants in the genus sarracenia sarraceniaceae remain unresolved. Pdf phylogeny and biogeography of the carnivorous plant. Ohio department of natural resources division of natural areas and preserves created. American journal of botany ajb is an internationally renowned journal publishing innovative, significant research of interest to a wide audience of scientists in all areas of plant biology including ecology, evolution, physiology, biodiversity, systematics, development, genetics, paleobotany, structure and function, all levels of organization ecosystem to molecular, and all organisms.
Key words fletcherimyia, sarcophagidae, sarraceniaceae, pitcher plants, systematics. Fred case grant student award 24 february categories. S we use cookies to enhance your experience on our website. The family sarraceniaceae consists of three genera of pitcher plants and is distributed throughout north america and the western portion of the guiana highlands in south america. Sarracenia 811 species, depending on taxonomic opinion, darlontonia a single species in california and oregon and heliamphora at least 15 species in south america. Sarraceniaceae of south america is one part of a twopart monograph providing the first complete study of the full diversity, ecology and taxonomy of all recognised species of the three genera of sarraceniaceae, a family of pitcher plants, namely darlingtonia, heliamphora and sarracenia.
It was published in september 2011 by redfern natural history productions and covered all species known at the time. Sarraceniaceae of south america by mcpherson, stewart, wistuba, andreas. Genetic structure of two endangered pitcher plants. Naczi1 department of biological sciences, northern kentucky university, highland heights, ky 41099. Members of this family commonly inhabit bogs, swamps, wet or sandy meadows, and savannas where the soils are watersaturated, acidic, and deficient in nutrients. The sarcophagid flies that breed in north american pitcher plants of the genus sarracenia are taxonomically revised and described. Sarraceniaceae of north america examines all species of darlingtonia and sarracenia from the united states and canada. Systematics and evolution of sarraceniaceae oxford scholarship. Catalogue of redfern book titles redfern natural history. Pollen morphology and its relationship to taxonomy of the genus sarracenia sarraceniaceae w. Maguire, fide, we constrained the eastern north american sarracenia and the northwestern north american darlingtonia. Sarraceniaceae, family of carnivorous pitcher plants in the order ericales, native to north and south america.
In north america, carnivorous plant species occur within the families droseraceae, lentibu lariaceae, and sarraceniaceae and include the commonly recognized sundews, the venus flytrap, the bladderworts, and the pitcher plants, whose highly modified tubular leaves are adapted for catching and digesting insects lloyd, 1942. Sarraceniaceae of south america by stewart mcpherson, andreas wistuba, andreas fleischmann and joachim nerz isbn. The carnivorous plant family sarraceniaceae comprises three genera of wetlandinhabiting pitcher plants. Resolution of the relationships within the north american. Sarraceniaceae of south america is a monograph on the pitcher plants of the genus heliamphora by stewart mcpherson, andreas wistuba, andreas fleischmann, and joachim nerz. This is especially true in the pine flatwoods and savannas. Oswald science program, department of communication sciences and disorders, emerson college, boston, ma 02116 and harvard forest, harvard university, 324 north main street, petersham, ma 066 email.
The western hemisphere pitcher plants sarraceniaceae are a family of about 35 species of carnivorous flowering plants native to portions of north america and northern south america. An indepth analysis of taxonomy of the north american flowering plant genus sarracenia sarraceniaceae provides an ideal case study illustrating the confusion that can arise from inconsistent. Harvard forest, harvard university, 324 north main street, petersham, ma 066 abstract. American journal of botany botanical society of america. Naczi1 department of biological sciences, northern kentucky university, highland heights, ky 41099 ann. Pdf chloropid flies diptera, chloropidae associated with. Sarraceniaceae of south america by stewart mcpherson 2011. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. This will hopefully lead to less confusion for management and. Pdf 20592 k pdf plus 20624 k stigma, pollen tube transmitting tract, and epidermal micromorphology of the style of sarracenia purpurea sarraceniaceae jinyan guo, chad t. Chromosome numbers of some eastern north american species of carex and eleocharis cyperaceae. Sarraceniaceae of south america by stewart mcpherson. This work is part of an exquisitely beautiful and uniquely detailed two volume monograph that provides the first complete study of the full diversity, ecology and taxonomy of all recognised species of the three genera of sarraceniaceae darlingtonia, heliamphora and sarracenia. Darlingtonia in the northwestern united states, sarracenia in eastern north america, and heliamphora in northern south america.
The family sarraceniaceae consists of three genera of pitcher plants and is distributed throughout north america and the the sarraceniaceae are unlike any other plants in the western hemisphere. Provided by usda nrcs wetland science institute wsi. Sarraceniaceae of south america by stewart mcpherson 20111101 stewart mcpherson. The other tome, sarraceniaceae of north america, deals with the genera darlingtonia and sarracenia. Sarraceniaceae of north america examines all species of darlingtonia and sarracenia from the united states and canada, including eighteen new sarracenia varieties and forms, one incompletely diagnosed sarracenia taxon, and one new form darlintonia.
Sarraceniaceae of south america is a monograph on the pitcher plants of the genus. Molecular and morphological data diagnose three monophyletic, divergent genera. Despite numerous recent advances, understanding of sarraceniaceae evolution and systematics remains incomplete. Botany trivia employment nosey stuff contact information. Sarraceniaceae are a family of pitcher plants, belonging to order ericales previously nepenthales. Sarraceniaceae of south america wikimili, the best. Carnivorous plant newsletter, the journal of the international carnivorous plant society, issn 01909215. Sarraceniaceae of north america is one part of a twopart monograph providing the first complete study of the full diversity, ecology and taxonomy of all recognised species of the three genera of sarraceniaceae, a family of pitcher plants, namely darlingtonia, heliamphora, and sarracenia. P p p p 1 pscience program, department of communication sciences and disorders, emerson college, boston, ma 02116 2 p harvard forest, harvard university, 324 north main street, petersham, ma 066. A bibliography of the theses and publications of c.
The pitchers have no moving parts but contain downwardpointing hairs on the interior surfaces. Sarraceniaceae of south america by stewart mcpherson, andreas. The north american pitcher plants are a fascinating group of carnivorous plants with leaves modified into tubular pitfall traps that attract, catch, and digest small invertebrate prey. Chloropid flies diptera, chloropidae associated with. In this study we analyzed pollen morphology of the 11 currently recognized species of sarracenia and examined how variations in key pollen characteristics relate to our current understanding of the taxonomy of this genus. Early floral development and androecium organization in. Sarraceniaceae of north america stewart mcpherson, donald e. The genera of sarraceniaceae and droseraceae in the southeastern united states. Contributions from the university of michigan herbarium 22. Sarraceniaceae of south america by stewart mcpherson 201111. Sarraceniaceae of north america is one part of a twopart monograph providing the first complete study of the full diversity, ecology and taxonomy of all recognised species of the three genera of sarraceniaceae, a family of pitcher plants, namely darlingtonia, heliamphora and sarracenia. To test hypothesis 2, that dispersal of sarraceniaceae occurred first via the antillean arc to southeastern north america and second from southeastern north america to the pacific northwest h. These lowgrowing perennial herbs are notable for their modified pitcherlike leaves, which serve as pitfall traps to ensnare and digest insects and other small prey.
As a pitcher plant it is the sole member of the genus darlingtonia in the family sarraceniaceae. Sarracenia species are among the most beautiful and intriguing plants in the world. The book is part of a comprehensive twovolume work on the sarraceniaceae. A cytotaxonomic study of the sarraceniaceae of north america. Sarraceniaceae of north america by stewart mcpherson and donald schnell isbn. Subsequently, disjunctions formed, and the genera diverged. Sarracenia is north american, and is mainly a genus of the american southeast table 5.
They have been important ornamental plants since the early nineteenth century. Sarracenia and darlingtonia are native to north america, while heliamphora is native to south america. It is native to northern california and oregon growing in bogs and seeps with cold running water. Stigma, pollen tube transmitting tract, and epidermal. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the family originated in south america about 47 million years ago and spread to north america soon after, about 35 million years ago. A sterile aqueous solution of soluble salts of the volatile bases from sarraceniaceae pitcher plant. Sarracenia includes eleven species and a multitude of subspecies, varieties, and hybrids, and is native to eastern and northern north america. Therefore, an important next step is to reevaluate the nomenclature across the genus in lieu of the resolved evolutionary relationships, with specific emphasis on the rubra and purpurea complex. Notice about flora of north america provisional publications. Department of biological sciences, suny oswego, oswego, ny 1263599, usa. Sarracenia habitats in the southeast are maintained by fire. Flora of north america fna names from volumes 24 and 25. Sarracenia north american pitcher plants, darlingtonia the cobra lily or california pitcher plant, and heliamphora sun pitchers. Microbial communities are complex, and even apparently simple habitats house orders of magnitude more microbial species than plant or animal species hornerdevine et al.
Pitchers marcescent, appearing just after or with flowers, spring flush of pitchers followed by delayed flush of similarshaped, more robust pitchers in late summer, erect, green proximally, distal portion of tube with white areolae all around and with conspicuous green to pink to red venation, 25100 cm, thick, firm, surfaces glabrous. Sarracenia and heliamphora subsequently diverged in the late oligocene, 1432 hpd 23 mya, perhaps when direct overland continuity between north and. Systematics and evolution of sarraceniaceae oxford. Darlingtonia 1 species, western oregon and northern california, usa, heliamphora 23 species, southern venezuela and small. The rosettiform, carnivorous herbs of sarraceniaceae are native to north america darlingtonia and sarracenia and the guiana highlands of south america heliamphora. The american pitcher plant family sarraceniaceae comprises three genera of pitcher plants with at least 35 species. Despite nearly a century of research, the systematic relationships among north american pitcher plants in the genus sarracenia sarraceniaceae remain unresolved. The website also provides access to a database and images of plants photos and herbarium specimens found at.
The sarraceniaceae includes three genera in the new world. Hypotheses concerning the biogeographic history leading to this unusual disjunct distribution are controversial, in part because genus and specieslevel. Pdf phylogeny and biogeography of the carnivorous plant family. Conservation the native orchid conference is proud to sponsor a research grant program in memory of mr. Darlingtonia in the northwestern united states, sarracenia in eastern north america, and. Convergence between the microcosms of southeast asian. In this study we analyzed pollen morphology of the 11. The painful syndromes most commonly encountered in general practice which are relieved by sarapin treatment are as follows. This disjunction and apparent range contraction is consistent with late eocene cooling and aridification, which may have severed the continuity of sarraceniaceae across much of north america. Ancestral sarraceniaceae probably originated in south america, then migrated to north america where they became widespread.
Sarraceniaceae name synonyms heliamphoraceae homonyms sarraceniaceae common names schlauchpflanzengewachse in german pitcherplants in english pitcher plant family in english sarraceniacees in french flugtrumpetvaxter in swedish bibliographic references. Flytraps family droseraceae and pitcher plants and cobra lilies family sarraceniaceae are endemic. Sarracenia rosea sarraceniaceae, a new species of pitcher plant from the southeastern united states. Sarcophagidae associated with north american pitcher plants sarraceniaceae, with descriptions of three new species g. Sarraceniaceae of north america redfern natural history. The extinct archaeamphora longicervia may also belong to this family.
They derive their common name from their hollow tubular leaves, which can take the form of a trumpet, a pitcher, or an urn. Sarraceniaceae are a family of pitcher plants, belonging to order ericales previously nepenthales the family comprises three extant genera. The alabama plant atlas is a source of data for the distribution of plants within the state as well as taxonomic, conservation, invasive, and wetland information for each species. Genera 3, species 22 2 genera, 12 species in the flora.
Etowah, north carolina, grown by james stevens in the uk, originally purchased from. Preparation of each volume of the flora of north america is a multiyear process involving dozens of. Pitcher plants sarraceniaceae, with descriptions of three new species g. Without frequent fires, these open, sunny, acidic, lownutrient habitats quickly become dense thickets of woody or grassy vegetation. Fay and others published sarraceniaceae of south america by stewart mcpherson, andreas wistuba, andreas fleischmann and joachim nerz. Phylogeny and biogeography of the carnivorous plant family. Sarraceniaceae of north america by mcpherson, stewart and schnell, donald.
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